Fungal Strategies for the Remediation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons 93

Table 6.2. Fungal mechanisms for enzymatic bioremediation of PAHs.

Fungi

Phylum

Substrate

Mechanism

References

Lasiodiplodia

theobromae

Ascomycota

Benzo(a)pyrene

Enzymatic cleavage

Cao et al. 2020

Phanerochaete

chrysosporium

Basidiomycota

Phenanthrene,

fluoranthene, and

benzo(a)pyrene

Enzymatic cleavage

Guo et al. 2019

Tolypocladium sp.

Xylaria sp.

Ascomycota

Ascomycota

Pyrene Benzo(a)pyrene

Cytochrome P450

monooxygenase

Vasconcelos et al. 2019

Penicillium canescens

Cladosporium

cladosporioides

Fusarium solani

Talaromyces helices

Ascomycota

Ascomycota

Ascomycota

Ascomycota

Benzo(a)pyrene

Ligninolytic

enzymes

Fayeulle et al. 2019

Aspergillus sp.

Ascomycota

Naphthalene,

phenanthrene, and

pyrene

Intra and

extracellular

enzymes

Al-Hawash et al. 2019

Ganoderma lucidum

Basidiomycota

Phenanthrene and

pyrene

Ligninolytic

enzymes

Agrawal et al. 2018

Penicillium oxalicum

Ascomycota

Anthracene,

phenanthrene,

dibenzothiophene and

dibenzofuran

Oxygenase enzyme

Aranda et al. 2017

Phanerochaete

chrysosporium

Basidiomycota

Pyrene

Aerobic fungal

enzymatic system

Aydin and Karacay

2017

Trichoderma

longibrachiatum

Ascomycota

Phenanthrene

Anerobic

biodegradation

Trametes polyzona

Ascomycota

Phenanthrene,

fluorene, and pyrene

Ligninolytic

enzymes

Teerapatsakul et al.

2016

Pleurotus ostreatus

Basidiomycota

Fluorene and

fluoranthene

Ligninolytic

enzymes

Pozdnyakova et al.

2016

Penicillium oxalicum,

Nigrospora oryzae

Aspergillus oryzae

A. aculeatus

Ascomycota

Ascomycota

Ascomycota

Ascomycota

Naphthalene and

phenanthrene

Endophytism

Kannangara et al. 2016

Phanerochaete

chrysosporium

Irpex lacteus

Pleurotus ostreatus

Basidiomycota

Basidiomycota

Basidiomycota

Anthracene

Ring cleavage

Jove et al. 2016

Pleurotus sajor-caju

Basidiomycota

Pyrene and chrysene

Ligninolytic

enzymes

Saiu et al. 2016

Mycoaciella bispora

Basidiomycota

Anthracene

Ligninolytic

enzymes

Lee et al. 2015

Punctularia

strigosozonata

Basidiomycota

Phenanthrene

Cytochrome P450

monooxygenase

Young et al. 2015

Pycnoporus sanguineus

Basidiomycota

Anthracene and pyrene

Cytochrome P450

monooxygenase

Zhang et al. 2015

Fusarium sp.

Ascomycota

Chrysene

Ligninolytic

enzymes

Hidayat and Tachibana

2015

Table 6.2 contd. ...